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The character arc of Marsha Linehan

A life drawn by Character Arc from the public record

Born on 5 May 1943 in Tulsa, Oklahoma, the third of six children. Between then and now sit a hospital admission weeks before her high school graduation, more than two years as an inpatient with treatments she has described as hell, a vow made alone in a piano room, a college trust fund left by a friend of her father, a degree in 1968, a doctoral internship at a suicide prevention service, a post at the University of Washington from 1977, the creation of dialectical behavior therapy, training in Zen, and a public disclosure in 2011 that she had been the patient all along. The line below draws the story so far, in order.

Drag along the line to move, pinch or use the buttons to look closer. Tap the line to pluck it, or any mark for its card. Drawn from the public record of her life; the sources are at the foot of the page.

Who is Marsha Linehan?

She made a vow in a piano room. It took forty years to keep.

She was the third of six children in Tulsa. Her father was an oil company vice president and her Cajun mother was deeply involved in church and volunteer work. Both parents have been described as image conscious, and she has said she often did not experience her family's love as well expressed, that she remembers being out of place, and that her mother tried to change her so she would fit.

Just weeks before her high school graduation she was admitted to the Institute of Living in Hartford, Connecticut, and diagnosed with schizophrenia. She was seventeen. She stayed more than two years. She began cutting herself. She was given electroconvulsive therapy, long periods of seclusion, extreme cold pack therapy and heavy medication. Her own words about it are that she knows what hell feels like and that every word she can find is inadequate to describe it.

Then, sitting alone one day in the piano room, she made a vow to God: that she would get herself out of hell, and that once she did she would go back into hell and get other people out. She has said that vow has guided and controlled her life ever since. She left the institute at twenty, after a doctor broke the pattern of her suicidal behaviour.

In Chicago she learned that a friend of her father had left her a college trust fund. She studied at a Jesuit university, worked in the university to make ends meet, read in hotel lobbies and rode the trains, and graduated with honours in psychology in 1968. She had realised by then that psychiatry did not have effective treatments for the people she most wanted to help. She took a doctorate, spent a year at a suicide prevention and crisis service in Buffalo, and joined the University of Washington in 1977.

What she built there is dialectical behavior therapy, which combines cognitive work with acceptance, mindfulness and shaping, and which worked for patients that existing methods were not helping. It became the first evidence based treatment for chronic suicidality and borderline personality disorder, and has since been shown to help with other conditions. The acceptance half of it came out of years at a Buddhist monastery and with a Zen teacher in Germany; she is an associate Zen teacher herself. She founded a company that trains clinicians in it and co-founded a certification board so that patients can tell who is properly trained.

In 2011, at sixty eight, she told a newspaper what had happened to her, and later wrote a memoir about it. She has said that although she was never formally diagnosed with it, she believes she actually had borderline personality disorder, the exact condition her therapy treats. A colleague has called her one of the two most influential clinical innovators in mental health.

The moments

Marsha Linehan's timeline.

The 1950s

~1955

Third of six in Tulsa

Everyday. A big family, a lot of appearances to keep up, and a child who did not fit.

The 1960s

Apr 1961

Admitted at seventeen

Setback, and it changed everything. Weeks before she would have graduated, she was admitted instead.

Sep 1961

More than two years inside

Setback, and it changed everything. Two years inside, and her own word for it is hell.

Jun 1962

The vow in the piano room

Milestone, and it changed everything. Alone, at eighteen, with nothing, she made a promise and then kept it.

May 1963

She leaves at twenty

Milestone, and it changed everything. Out, at twenty, with the worst of it behind her.

Sep 1964

A stranger's trust fund

Milestone, and it changed everything. A friend of her father had quietly put money aside for her education.

Jun 1968

A degree, with honours

Milestone, and it changed her direction. She got the degree, and she already knew what was missing.

The 1970s

Sep 1971

A year on the crisis line

Milestone, and it changed everything. A year taking the calls, on the other side of the phone this time.

Sep 1977

The University of Washington

Milestone, and it changed her direction. A university post, and a vow of poverty she was still keeping.

The 1980s

~1982

Watching the tapes

Milestone, and it changed everything. She built the therapy by watching tapes of what worked, over and over.

~1985

The acceptance half

Milestone, and it changed everything. The missing half of the therapy came out of a monastery.

The 1990s

~1993

Dialectical behavior therapy

Milestone, and it changed everything. The first treatment that worked for the people nothing worked for.

~1999

Training everybody else

Milestone, and it changed her direction. She made sure it could be taught, and taught properly.

The 2010s

1 Sep 2010

Tell them, or keep it private

Crossroads, decided.

The paths laid out: say it publicly, taken, or keep the private half private. She published the whole account, and then wrote a memoir about it.

23 Jun 2011

She says it out loud

Milestone, and it changed everything. Sixty eight years old, and she told everybody she had been the patient.

The therapy is taught in hospitals in every country that has them, and the certification board still checks who is qualified to give it. What she set moving is the vow itself, made alone by a seventeen year old in a piano room with nothing to back it up, and then kept, for sixty years, at scale.

Your turn

Every line draws a unique story.

Hers had two years in a hospital at seventeen and a vow nobody heard. Yours is already further along than you think, and drawing it takes about five minutes.

Marsha Linehan: frequently asked questions

What people ask about her line.

What is Marsha Linehan's character arc?
A seventeen year old admitted to a psychiatric institute weeks before graduation, who spent more than two years inside, made a vow to come back for others, built the leading therapy for chronic suicidality, and at sixty eight said she had been that patient.
What did Marsha Linehan create?
Dialectical behavior therapy, an evidence based treatment combining cognitive restructuring with acceptance, mindfulness and shaping. It worked for patients existing methods were not helping, and unlocked treatment for chronic suicidality and borderline personality disorder.
Was Marsha Linehan a patient herself?
Yes. She was hospitalised at seventeen, diagnosed with schizophrenia, and stayed more than two years. She disclosed it publicly in a 2011 interview, and has said she believes she actually had borderline personality disorder, the condition her therapy treats.
What was Marsha Linehan's vow?
Sitting alone in the piano room of the unit, she vowed to God that she would get herself out of hell, and that once she did she would go back into hell and get others out. She has said it has guided her life ever since.
How did Marsha Linehan build her therapy?
With a National Institute of Health grant, working with hospitals on suicidal patients, and by watching recordings of sessions with her team to work out what actually helped. The acceptance half came from years at a Buddhist monastery and with a Zen teacher.
Is Marsha Linehan a Zen teacher?
Yes, an associate Zen teacher in schools in both Germany and the United States, as well as being trained in spiritual direction. The mindfulness skills within Zen were built directly into her therapy.
Where does this timeline of Marsha Linehan's life come from?
From the public record. Character Arc drew every moment on this line from the sources listed at the foot of the page, and the kind and weight of each moment are our editorial reading. Marsha Linehan isn't a Member of Character Arc and has no connection with it, and no feeling is attributed to her.

Sources

  • Marsha M. Linehan, English Wikipedia biography, filed under living people.
  • Her own 2011 interview with The New York Times and her memoir, as quoted there.
  • University of Washington records for her post from 1977 and the Behavioral Research and Therapy Clinics.